RabbitMQ 安装部署与配置总结

实践环境

CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso
rabbitmq-server-3.9.16-1.el7.noarch.rpm
https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/releases/tag/v3.9.16
https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/releases/download/v3.9.16/rabbitmq-server-3.9.16-1.el7.noarch.rpm
备注：rabbitmq-server最后一个支持CentOS7的版本
erlang-23.3.4.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
https://github.com/rabbitmq/erlang-rpm/releases
https://github.com/rabbitmq/erlang-rpm/releases/download/v23.3.4.11/erlang-23.3.4.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
备注：Erlang最后一个支持Centos7的版本
实践操作

下载RabbitMQ及Erlang软件包

RabbitMQ是采用 Erlang语言开发的，所以系统环境必须提供 Erlang环境，需要是安装 Erlang。Erlang版本要和需要安装的RabbitMQ版本匹配，可通过网址https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/which-erlang 不同Erlang支持的RabbitMQ版本。
安装软件包

1. # rpm -ivh erlang-23.3.4.11-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
2. # rpm -ivh rabbitmq-server-3.9.16-1.el7.noarch.rpm

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说明：参照官方文档，https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/install-rpm#package-dependencies 还需要安装依赖包：socat，logrotate，但是笔者实践时未安装这两个依赖包。
运行RabbitMQ

RabbitMQ服务器包安装完成后，默认情况下服务器不会作为守护进程启动。运行以下命令，设置当系统启动时，默认以管理员身份，以守护进程的方式启动RabbitMQ

1. # systemctl enable rabbitmq-server
2. Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rabbitmq-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/rabbitmq-server.service.

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停、启服务器

1. # 启动服务
2. # systemctl start rabbitmq-server
4. # 查看服务状态
5. # systemctl status  rabbitmq-server
6. ● rabbitmq-server.service - RabbitMQ broker
7.    Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/rabbitmq-server.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
8.    Active: active (running) since Sat 2024-07-13 04:02:54 EDT; 12s ago
9. Main PID: 1237 (beam.smp)
10.    CGroup: /system.slice/rabbitmq-server.service
11.            ├─1237 /usr/lib64/erlang/erts-11.2.2.10/bin/beam.smp -W w -MBas ageffcbf -MHas ageffcbf -MBlmbcs 512 -MHlmbcs 512 -MMmcs 30 -P 1048576 -t 5000000 -stbt db -zdbbl 128000 -sbwt none -sbwtdcpu none -sbwtdio none -...
12.            ├─1252 erl_child_setup 32768
13.            ├─1275 /usr/lib64/erlang/erts-11.2.2.10/bin/epmd -daemon
14.            ├─1296 inet_gethost 4
15.            └─1297 inet_gethost 4
17. Jul 13 04:02:49 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[1237]: Doc guides:  https://rabbitmq.com/documentation.html
18. Jul 13 04:02:49 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[1237]: Support:     https://rabbitmq.com/contact.html
19. Jul 13 04:02:49 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[1237]: Tutorials:   https://rabbitmq.com/getstarted.html
20. Jul 13 04:02:49 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[1237]: Monitoring:  https://rabbitmq.com/monitoring.html
21. Jul 13 04:02:49 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[1237]: Logs: /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost.log
22. Jul 13 04:02:49 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[1237]: /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost_upgrade.log
23. Jul 13 04:02:49 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[1237]: <stdout>
24. Jul 13 04:02:49 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[1237]: Config file(s): (none)
25. Jul 13 04:02:54 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[1237]: Starting broker... completed with 0 plugins.
26. Jul 13 04:02:54 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started RabbitMQ broker.
28. # 停止服务
29. # systemctl stop rabbitmq-server

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参考链接：https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/install-rpm#running-rpm
启用管理插件

1. # rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
2. Enabling plugins on node rabbit@localhost:
3. rabbitmq_management
4. The following plugins have been configured:
5.   rabbitmq_management
6.   rabbitmq_management_agent
7.   rabbitmq_web_dispatch
8. Applying plugin configuration to rabbit@localhost...
9. Plugin configuration unchanged.

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备注：开启插件后不需要重启服务器
开启后，浏览器访问管理界面(默认地址：http://node-hostname:15672/.)，如下，其中 192.167.206.101为RabbitMQ服务器地址

参考连接：https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/management#getting-started
配置文件管理

查找配置文件

1. # rabbitmq-diagnostics status
2. ......
3. Config files
6. Log file(s)
8. * /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost.log
9. * /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost_upgrade.log
10. * <stdout>
11. ......

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如上，配置文件位于 Log file(s)上方，这里笔者实践时命令输出中没看到配置文件路径信息，按官方文档描述，应该Config files下应该会包含配置文件路径信息，类似如下

1. Config files
3. * /etc/rabbitmq/advanced.config
4. * /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf

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参考连接：
https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/configure#configuration-files
https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/configure#verify-configuration-config-file-location
用户管理

默认用户访问

broker默认创建了一个用户名和密码都为guest的用户。默认情况下，该用户只能在以访问localhost的方式连接到broker，即不能远程访问。尝试远程访问服务器时会提示User can only log in via localhost。如果希望guest也可以远程登录，需要修改rabbitmq.conf 配置文件，文件末尾添加loopback_users = none

1. # vi /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf
2. loopback_users = none
3. # systemctl restart rabbitmq-server

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参考连接：
https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/install-rpm#default-user-access
https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/access-control#user-management
添加用户

1. # rabbitmqctl add_user "testacc"
2. Adding user "testacc" ...
3. Password:
4. test1234
5. Done. Don't forget to grant the user permissions to some virtual hosts! See 'rabbitmqctl help set_permissions' to learn more.

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获取当前用户列表

1. # rabbitmqctl list_users
2. Listing users ...
3. user        tags
4. testacc        []
5. guest        [administrator]
6. # rabbitmqctl list_users --formatter=json
7. [
8. {"user":"testacc","tags":[]}
9. ,{"user":"guest","tags":["administrator"]}
10. ]

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删除用户

1. # rabbitmqctl delete_user 'username'

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用户授权

使用rabbitmqctl set_permissions要向虚拟主机中的用户授予权限：

1. # rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p "custom-vhost" "username" ".*" ".*" ".*"

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说明：

1. 第一个 ".*" 表示配置每个实体上的权限(First ".*" for configure permission on every entity)
2. 第二个 ".*" 表示每个实体的写权限(Second ".*" for write permission on every entity)
3. 第二个 ".*" 表示每个实体的读权限(Third ".*" for read permission on every entity)

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1. # rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p "/" "testacc" ".*" ".*" ".*"
2. Setting permissions for user "testacc" in vhost "/" ...

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移除授权

使用rabbitmqctl clear_permissions移除授予给虚拟主机中的用户权限：

1. # Revokes permissions in a virtual host
2. rabbitmqctl.bat clear_permissions -p 'custom-vhost' 'username'

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参考连接：https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/access-control#user-management
https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/access-control#override-default-user-credentials
设置用户标签

1. # rabbitmqctl set_user_tags testacc administrator
2. Setting tags for user "testacc" to [administrator] ...

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说明：如果不设置标签，以 testacc 用户登录管理界面时，会提示Not management user
参考连接：
https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/man/rabbitmqctl.8#set_user_tags
https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/management#permissions
登录管理界面

开启mqtt相关插件

1. # rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_mqtt
2. Enabling plugins on node rabbit@localhost:
3. rabbitmq_mqtt
4. The following plugins have been configured:
5.   rabbitmq_management
6.   rabbitmq_management_agent
7.   rabbitmq_mqtt
8.   rabbitmq_web_dispatch
9. Applying plugin configuration to rabbit@localhost...
10. The following plugins have been enabled:
11.   rabbitmq_mqtt

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参考链接：
https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/mqtt#enabling-plugin

1. # rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_web_mqtt
2. Enabling plugins on node rabbit@localhost:
3. rabbitmq_web_mqtt
4. The following plugins have been configured:
5.   rabbitmq_management
6.   rabbitmq_management_agent
7.   rabbitmq_mqtt
8.   rabbitmq_web_dispatch
9.   rabbitmq_web_mqtt
10. Applying plugin configuration to rabbit@localhost...
11. The following plugins have been enabled:
12.   rabbitmq_web_mqtt
14. started 1 plugins.

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参考链接：https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/web-mqtt#enabling

1. # rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_web_mqtt_examples
2. Enabling plugins on node rabbit@localhost:
3. rabbitmq_web_mqtt_examples
4. The following plugins have been configured:
5.   rabbitmq_management
6.   rabbitmq_management_agent
7.   rabbitmq_mqtt
8.   rabbitmq_web_dispatch
9.   rabbitmq_web_mqtt
10.   rabbitmq_web_mqtt_examples
11. Applying plugin configuration to rabbit@localhost...
12. The following plugins have been enabled:
13.   rabbitmq_web_mqtt_examples

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参考链接：https://www.rabbitmq.com/docs/web-mqtt#examples
安装后示例插件后，访问 http://主机IP地址:15670，出现类似如下页面

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