【AI Generated】从零学习Vue.js
从零学习Vue.js目录
[*]引言
[*]准备工作
[*]Vue.js 基础
[*]3.1 Vue 实例
[*]3.2 模板语法
[*]3.3 数据绑定
[*]3.4 计算属性和侦听器
[*]3.5 Class 与 Style 绑定
[*]3.6 条件渲染
[*]3.7 列表渲染
[*]3.8 事件处理
[*]3.9 表单输入绑定
[*]Vue.js 组件
[*]4.1 组件基础
[*]4.2 组件注册
[*]4.3 父子组件通信
[*]4.4 插槽
[*]4.5 动态组件
[*]4.6 异步组件
[*]Vue Router
[*]5.1 路由基础
[*]5.2 动态路由匹配
[*]5.3 嵌套路由
[*]5.4 路由守卫
[*]5.5 路由元信息
[*]5.6 导航守卫
[*]5.7 路由懒加载
[*]Vuex 状态管理
[*]6.1 Vuex 基础
[*]6.2 核心概念
[*]6.3 模块化
[*]6.4 中间件
[*]6.5 辅助函数
[*]项目实战
[*]7.1 项目初始化
[*]7.2 组件设计
[*]7.3 路由配置
[*]7.4 状态管理
[*]7.5 API 集成
[*]7.6 部署与优化
[*]进阶概念
[*]8.1 自定义指令
[*]8.2 混入
[*]8.3 插件
[*]8.4 服务端渲染 (SSR)
[*]8.5 Vue 3 新特性
[*]总结与展望
1. 引言
Vue.js 是一个用于构建用户界面的渐进式 JavaScript 框架。它的设计理念是尽量简单，同时提供足够的灵活性和性能来应对复杂的应用需求。本书将带你从零开始学习 Vue.js，逐步掌握其核心概念和高级特性。
2. 准备工作
在开始学习 Vue.js 之前，你需要具备以下基础知识：
[*]HTML/CSS 基础
[*]JavaScript 基础
此外，你需要准备以下开发工具：
[*]一个现代浏览器（如 Chrome 或 Firefox）
[*]一个代码编辑器（如 VS Code 或 Sublime Text）
[*]Node.js 和 npm（用于管理项目依赖）
安装 Node.js 和 npm：
[*]访问 Node.js 官网 下载并安装适用于你操作系统的版本。
[*]安装完成后，打开终端（或命令提示符）并运行以下命令，确认安装成功：node -v
npm -v
3. Vue.js 基础
3.1 Vue 实例
Vue.js 应用的核心是 Vue 实例。你可以通过创建一个新的 Vue 实例来启动一个 Vue 应用。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><title>Vue.js 学习</title>
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>
</head>
<body>
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><p>{{ message }}</p>
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><input v-model="message">
</body>
</html>3.2 模板语法
Vue.js 使用一种基于 HTML 的模板语法，允许你声明式地绑定数据到 DOM。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><p>{{ message }}</p>
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><p v-bind:title="message">鼠标悬停查看消息</p>3.3 数据绑定
Vue.js 提供了两种主要的数据绑定方式：插值和指令。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><p>{{ message }}</p>
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><input v-model="message">3.4 计算属性和侦听器
计算属性用于对数据进行计算和处理，而侦听器用于监听数据的变化。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><p>原始消息: {{ message }}</p>
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><p>反转消息: {{ reversedMessage }}</p>3.5 Class 与 Style 绑定
你可以动态地绑定 HTML 元素的 class 和 style。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>Class 绑定
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>Style 绑定3.6 条件渲染
使用 v-if 指令可以根据条件渲染元素。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><p v-if="seen">现在你看到我了</p>3.7 列表渲染
使用 v-for 指令可以渲染一个列表。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><ul>
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><li v-for="item in items" v-bind:key="item.id">
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>{{ item.text }}
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component></li>
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component></ul>3.8 事件处理
使用 v-on 指令可以监听 DOM 事件。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><button v-on:click="greet">点击我</button>3.9 表单输入绑定
使用 v-model 指令可以实现表单输入与应用状态的双向绑定。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><input v-model="message">
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><p>{{ message }}</p>4. Vue.js 组件
4.1 组件基础
组件是 Vue.js 的核心概念，用于构建可复用的 UI 片段。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>4.2 组件注册
组件可以全局注册或局部注册。
4.3 父子组件通信
父组件可以通过 props 向子组件传递数据，子组件可以通过事件向父组件发送消息。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>4.4 插槽
插槽允许你在组件中插入内容。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>注意! 这是一个重要的消息。<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>4.5 动态组件
动态组件允许你在同一个挂载点动态切换多个组件。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>显示 A<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>显示 B4.6 异步组件
异步组件可以按需加载，减少初始加载时间。
Vue.component('async-example', function (resolve, reject) {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>setTimeout(function () {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>// 向 `resolve` 回调传递组件定义<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>resolve({<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>template: '异步组件加载成功!'<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>})<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}, 1000)})5. Vue Router
5.1 路由基础
Vue Router 是 Vue.js 的官方路由管理器，用于构建单页应用。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>Vue Router 学习<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>首页<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>关于<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>5.2 动态路由匹配
动态路由匹配允许你在路由路径中使用参数。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>用户 1<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>用户 2<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>5.3 嵌套路由
嵌套路由允许你在路由视图中嵌套其他路由视图。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>用户 1<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>用户 2<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>5.4 路由守卫
路由守卫允许你在导航到某个路由之前执行一些逻辑。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>首页<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>关于<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>5.5 路由元信息
路由元信息允许你在路由配置中添加自定义数据。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>首页<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>关于<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>5.6 导航守卫
导航守卫可以在路由切换前后执行逻辑。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>首页<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>关于<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>5.7 路由懒加载
路由懒加载可以按需加载路由组件，减少初始加载时间。
const routes = [<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>{<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>path: '/home',<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>component: () => import('./components/Home.vue')<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>},<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>{<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>path: '/about',<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>component: () => import('./components/About.vue')<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}]const router = new VueRouter({<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>routes})6. Vuex 状态管理
6.1 Vuex 基础
Vuex 是一个专为 Vue.js 应用设计的状态管理模式。它采用集中式存储管理应用的所有组件的状态，并以相应的规则保证状态以一种可预测的方式发生变化。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>Vuex 学习<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>{{ count }}
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>增加<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>6.2 核心概念
Vuex 的核心概念包括状态（state）、变更（mutations）、动作（actions）和 getters。
const store = new Vuex.Store({<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>state: {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>count: 0<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>},<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>mutations: {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>increment (state) {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>state.count++<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>},<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>actions: {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>incrementAsync ({ commit }) {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>setTimeout(() => {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>commit('increment')<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}, 1000)<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>},<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>getters: {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>doubleCount: state => state.count * 2<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}})6.3 模块化
Vuex 允许你将状态管理逻辑拆分成模块，每个模块拥有自己的 state、mutations、actions 和 getters。
const moduleA = {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>state: { count: 0 },<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>mutations: { increment (state) { state.count++ } },<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>actions: { incrementAsync ({ commit }) { commit('increment') } },<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>getters: { doubleCount: state => state.count * 2 }}const moduleB = {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>state: { count: 0 },<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>mutations: { increment (state) { state.count++ } },<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>actions: { incrementAsync ({ commit }) { commit('increment') } },<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>getters: { doubleCount: state => state.count * 2 }}const store = new Vuex.Store({<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>modules: {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>a: moduleA,<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>b: moduleB<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}})6.4 中间件
Vuex 支持插件机制，可以在状态变更时执行一些逻辑。
const myPlugin = store => {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>store.subscribe((mutation, state) => {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>console.log(mutation.type)<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>console.log(mutation.payload)<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>})}const store = new Vuex.Store({<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>state: { count: 0 },<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>mutations: { increment (state) { state.count++ } },<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>plugins: })6.5 辅助函数
Vuex 提供了一些辅助函数，帮助你简化代码。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>{{ count }}
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>增加7. 项目实战
7.1 项目初始化
使用 Vue CLI 初始化一个新的 Vue 项目。
npm install -g @vue/cli
vue create my-project
cd my-project
npm run serve7.2 组件设计
根据项目需求设计和实现各个组件。假设我们要构建一个简单的待办事项应用。
vue create todo-app
cd todo-app
npm run serve创建 components/TodoItem.vue：
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>{{ todo.text }}<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>
创建 components/TodoList.vue：
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>
在 App.vue 中使用 TodoList 组件：
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>待办事项
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>7.3 路由配置
使用 Vue Router 配置项目的路由。
安装 Vue Router：
npm install vue-router创建 router/index.js：
import Vue from 'vue'import Router from 'vue-router'import Home from '@/components/Home.vue'import About from '@/components/About.vue'Vue.use(Router)export default new Router({<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>routes: [<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>{ path: '/', component: Home },<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>{ path: '/about', component: About }<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>]})在 main.js 中引入路由：
import Vue from 'vue'import App from './App.vue'import router from './router'Vue.config.productionTip = falsenew Vue({<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>router,<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>render: h => h(App)}).$mount('#app')创建 components/Home.vue 和 components/About.vue：
Home.vue：
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>首页
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>About.vue：
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>关于
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>这是关于页面。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>7.4 状态管理
使用 Vuex 管理项目的全局状态。
安装 Vuex：
npm install vuex创建 store/index.js：
import Vue from 'vue'import Vuex from 'vuex'Vue.use(Vuex)export default new Vuex.Store({<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>state: {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>todos: [<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>{ id: 1, text: '学习 Vue', done: true },<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>{ id: 2, text: '学习 Vuex', done: false },<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>{ id: 3, text: '学习 Vue Router', done: false }<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>]<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>},<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>mutations: {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>addTodo (state, todo) {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>state.todos.push(todo)<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>},<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>actions: {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>addTodo ({ commit }, todo) {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>commit('addTodo', todo)<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>},<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>getters: {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>doneTodos: state => {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>return state.todos.filter(todo => todo.done)<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}})在 main.js 中引入 Vuex：
import Vue from 'vue'import App from './App.vue'import router from './router'import store from './store'Vue.config.productionTip = falsenew Vue({<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>router,<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>store,<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>render: h => h(App)}).$mount('#app')在 TodoList.vue 中使用 Vuex 状态：
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>
7.5 API 集成
假设我们有一个简单的 API 来获取和添加待办事项。
创建 api/todos.js：
import axios from 'axios'const API_URL = 'http://example.com/api/todos'export default {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>getTodos () {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>return axios.get(API_URL)<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>},<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>addTodo (todo) {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>return axios.post(API_URL, todo)<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}}在 Vuex 中使用 API：
import Vue from 'vue'import Vuex from 'vuex'import api from '@/api/todos'Vue.use(Vuex)export default new Vuex.Store({<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>state: {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>todos: []<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>},<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>mutations: {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>setTodos (state, todos) {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>state.todos = todos<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>},<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>addTodo (state, todo) {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>state.todos.push(todo)<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>},<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>actions: {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>fetchTodos ({ commit }) {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>api.getTodos().then(response => {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>commit('setTodos', response.data)<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>})<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>},<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>addTodo ({ commit }, todo) {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>api.addTodo(todo).then(response => {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>commit('addTodo', response.data)<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>})<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>},<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>getters: {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>doneTodos: state => {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>return state.todos.filter(todo => todo.done)<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}})在组件中触发 API 请求：
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>添加<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>7.6 部署与优化
将项目部署到生产环境，并进行性能优化。
[*]构建项目：
npm run build
[*]部署到服务器：
将 dist 目录中的内容上传到你的服务器。
[*]性能优化：
[*]使用 Vue Router 的懒加载功能按需加载组件。
[*]使用 Vuex 的模块化功能减少状态管理的复杂性。
[*]使用 Webpack 的代码分割功能减少初始加载时间。
[*]使用 gzip 压缩减少传输数据量。
8. 进阶概念
8.1 自定义指令
自定义指令允许你在 DOM 元素上应用自定义行为。
Vue.directive('focus', {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>inserted: function (el) {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>el.focus()<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}})在组件中使用自定义指令：
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>8.2 混入
混入提供了一种分发 Vue 组件可复用功能的非常灵活的方式。
const myMixin = {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>created: function () {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>this.hello()<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>},<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>methods: {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>hello: function () {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>console.log('Hello from mixin!')<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}}const Component = Vue.extend({<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>mixins: })8.3 插件
插件是 Vue.js 的一个核心概念，用于为 Vue 添加全局功能。
const MyPlugin = {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>install (Vue, options) {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>Vue.mixin({<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>created: function () {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>console.log('Hello from plugin!')<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>})<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}}Vue.use(MyPlugin)8.4 服务端渲染 (SSR)
Vue.js 也支持服务端渲染（SSR），用于提升首屏加载速度和 SEO。
安装 Vue SSR 工具：
npm install vue-server-renderer express创建 server.js：
const express = require('express')const renderer = require('vue-server-renderer').createRenderer()const createApp = require('./path/to/your/app')const server = express()server.get('*', (req, res) => {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>const app = createApp()<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>renderer.renderToString(app, (err, html) => {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>if (err) {<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>res.status(500).end('Internal Server Error')<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>return<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>}<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>res.end(`<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>Hello<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>${html}<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>`)<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>})})server.listen(8080)8.5 Vue 3 新特性
Vue 3 引入了一些新的特性和改进，包括组合式 API、性能优化、TypeScript 支持等。
组合式 API
组合式 API 提供了一种更灵活的方式来组织组件逻辑。
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>{{ count }}
<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component><template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>增加<template>
<input v-focus>
</template><child-component v-bind:message="parentMessage"></child-component><my-component></my-component>9. 总结与展望
通过本书的学习，你应该已经掌握了 Vue.js 的基础知识和一些高级特性。希望你能将这些知识应用到实际项目中，不断实践和探索，成为一名优秀的 Vue.js 开发者。未来，Vue.js 生态系统还会不断发展，期待你能持续关注和学习。
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